Modaina

bf.1687 - af.1706 Musa, Na'ib of Arkiko .... –
c.1793 c.1793 Ahmad, Na'ib of Arkiko
1805 - 1826 Idris Utman, Na'ib of Arkiko
Na'ibs of Arkiko
1826 - 1844 Yahya (d. 1844)
1832 - 1833 Turkci Bilmaz (in rebellion)
1844 - 1845 Hasan
1845 - 1846 Muhammad
1846 - 1848 Isma'il Hakki Pasha
Walis of Massawa
1848 - 1861 ....
1861 - 1863 Muhammad Rasih Bey (b. c.1834 - d. 1883)
1866 - 1867 ....
1866 - 1867 Hasan Bey Rifat
1867 - 1871 Ali Mumtaz Pasha
1871 Aladdin Pasha Siddiq (d. 1882/83)
1871 - 1874 Johann Alber Werner (b. 1832 - d. 1875)
Munzinger Pasha
1874 - 1875 Arakil Bey Nubar (d. 1875)
1875 - 18.. ....
18.. - Dec 1882 Hursid Bey Pertev
1883 - 1884 Muhammad Muhtar PAsha (b. 1835 - d. 1897)
1884 Mason Bey
1884 - 1885 Izzet Bey
1884 - 1885 Chermside (acting for Izzet Bey)
Ethiopian Governors in Asmara
1875 - 1879 Wolde Mikael
1879 - 1890 Ras Alula (b. 1847 - d. 1897)
Italian Commissioners of Assab
Feb 1870 - 9 Jan 1971 Giuseppe Sapéto (commercial agent) (b. 1811 - d. 1895)
9 Jan 1881 - 1884 Giovanni Branchi
Commandants of Assab
Dec 1879 - Jul 1880 Carlo De Amezaga
5 Jul 1880 - 1884 Galeazzo Frigerio
1884 - 1890 Giulio Pestalozza
Commandants of Massawa
1885 A. Caimi
5 Feb 1885 - 14 Nov 1885 Saletta Tancredi (1st time) (b. 1843 - d. 1909)
15 Dec 1885 - 18 Mar 1887 Carlo Gené (superior commandant) (b. 1836 - d. 1890)
18 Mar 1887 - 10 Nov 1887 Saletta Tancredi (2nd time) (s.a.)
Nov 1887 - 1888 Alessandro Asinari di San Marzano
1888 - 20 Dec 1889 Antonio Baldissera (b. 1838 - d. 1917)
20 Dec 1889 - 1 Jan 1890 Baldassare Orero (b. 1832 - d. 1914)
Commandants
1 Jan 1890 - 30 Jun 1890 Baldassare Orero (s.a.)
30 Jun 1890 - 28 Feb 1892 Antonio Gandolfi
28 Feb 1892 - 22 Feb 1896 Oreste Baratieri (b. 1841 - d. 1901)
Governors
22 Feb 1896 - 16 Dec 1897 Antonio Baldissera (s.a.)
16 Dec 1897 - 25 Mar 1907 Ferdinando Martini (b. 1841 - d. 1928)
25 Mar 1907 - 17 Aug 1915 Giuseppe Salvago Raggi
17 Aug 1915 - 16 Sep 1916 Giovanni Cherina Ferroni
(1st time)(acting)
16 Sep 1916 - 20 Jul 1919 Giacomo De Martino (b. 1849 - d. 1921)
20 Jul 1919 - 20 Nov 1920 Camillo De Camillis
20 Nov 1920 - 14 Apr 1921 Ludovico Pollera
14 Apr 1921 - 1 Jun 1923 Giovanni Cherina Ferroni
(2nd time)
1 Jun 1923 - 1 Jun 1928 Jacopo Gasparini (b. 1879 - d. 19..)
1 Jun 1928 - 11 Jul 1930 Corrado Zoli (b. 1877 - d. 1951)
11 Jul 1930 - 15 Jan 1935 Riccardo Astuto dei Duchi
di Lucchesi
15 Jan 1935 - 18 Jan 1935 Ottone Gabeli (acting)
18 Jan 1935 - 22 Nov 1935 Emilio Giuseppe Gaspar (b. 1866 - d. 1944)
Giovanni De Bono
22 Nov 1935 - 22 May 1936 Pietro Badoglio (b. 1871 - d. 1956)
1 Jun 1936 - 1 Apr 1937 Alfredo Guzzoni (b. 1877 - d. 1965)
1 Apr 1937 - 15 Dec 1937 Vincenzo De Feo (b. 1876 - d. 19..)
15 Dec 1937 - 2 Jun 1940 Giuseppe Daodice
2 Jun 1940 - 19 May 1941 Luigi Frusci (acting) (b. 1879 - d. 1949)
Administrators
5 Feb 1941 - 4 May 1942 Sir William Platt (b. 1885 - d. 1975)
4 May 1942 - 9 Nov 1944 Stephen Hemsley Longrigg (b. 1893 - d. 1979)
9 Nov 1944 - 14 Aug 1945 C.D. McCarthy
14 Aug 1945 - 1 Nov 1946 John Meredith Benoy (b. 1896 - d. 1977)
1 Nov 1946 - 19 Feb 1951 Francis Greville Drew (b. 1892 - d. 1962)
UN High Commissioner
19 Feb 1951 - 15 Sep 1952 Edoardo Anze Matienzo (Bolivia) (b. 1902)
Chief Administrator
19 Feb 1951 - 15 Sep 1952 Duncan Camerone Cumming (b. 1903 - d. 1979)
Chief Executives
15 Sep 1952 - 29 Jul 1955 Ato Tedla Bairu (b. 1914 - d. 1981)
8 Aug 1955 - Dec 1959 Asfaha Woldemikael (b. 1914 - d. ....)
Dec 1959 - 14 Nov 1962 Abiye Abebe (b. 1918 - d. 1974)
(from 20 May 1960, Chief Administrator)
Governors-general
14 Nov 1962 - 1964 Abiye Abebe (s.a.)
1964 - Dec 1970 Ras Asrata-Medhin Kassa (b. 1922 - d. 1974)
Dec 1970 - Aug 1974 Debebe Haile Maryam (d. 1974)
Aug 1974 - 29 May 1991 Ato Amanuel Amde Mikael
Secretary-general of the Provisional Government
29 May 1991 - 24 May 1993 Isaias Afewerki (b. 1946) EPLF;1993 PFDJ